After decades of development, significant progress has been made. From early bipolar transistors (BJTs) to today's metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) and insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), power transistors have greatly improved in terms of on resistance, switching speed, voltage resistance, and power density.

Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET)
MOSFETs have high input impedance, low on resistance, and fast switching characteristics, making them suitable for high-speed switching and low-voltage applications. It is widely used in fields such as switching power supplies, DC-DC converters, and electric vehicles.

Mainly used in low-voltage and high-speed switch applications, such as computer motherboards, battery management systems, and portable electronic devices. It has extremely low on resistance, fast switching speed, and low power consumption.

Mainly used in high-voltage and high current applications, such as inverters, frequency converters, and motor control systems for electric vehicles. It combines the advantages of BJT and MOSFET, but performs poorly in high-frequency applications.

It is an improved MOSFET that significantly reduces the on resistance and improves the withstand voltage capability by optimizing the transistor structure. It is widely used in high-efficiency power supplies and inverters.

In switching power supplies, MOSFETs and IGBTs are widely used for efficient energy conversion. MOSFETs are suitable for low-voltage switching power supplies, while IGBTs are used for high-voltage switching power supplies.

The motor control and energy management system in China extensively uses IGBT and MOSFET. IGBT is suitable for high voltage and high current motor drive, while MOSFET is used for battery management and DC-DC converters.

Power transistors are used to convert direct current into alternating current. IGBT and superjunction MOSFET are commonly used in such high-efficiency energy conversion devices.

High-frequency conversion
With the rise of high-frequency applications such as wireless charging and 5G communication, power transistors are required to have higher switching frequencies. New materials and designs will drive the development of power transistors in high-frequency applications.

 

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